现在完成时是现在时和完成态的结合,表达的是过去发生的事对现在的影响。时态中的时和态是两个概念,时间和状态,所以现在完成时表示的是现在的时间,完成的状态。修饰现在完成时的句子的副词主要有just(刚刚),already(已经),yet(尚未),for(持续的时间),since(自从),ever(曾经),still(仍然)。

现在完成时的结构陈述句

主语+have/has+过去分词

I have owned a puppy before.我以前养过一只小狗。I have fallen in love with you.我已经爱上了你。否定句

I have not owned a puppy before.我以前没有养过小狗。I have not fallen in love with you. 我并没有爱上你。疑问句

Have I owned a puppy before?我以前养过小狗吗?Have I not fallen in love with you?我没有爱上你吗?现在完成时用法详解

现在完成时的用法表示做过的事

I have been to Singapore.我去过新加坡。I have never studied Japanese. 我从没学过日语。表示做过某事的次数

I have been to Singapore 5 times. 我去过5次新加坡。How many times have you been to Singapore?你去过新加坡几次?I have played erhu 7 times a week for 2 years. 这两年来,我每周玩二胡七次。现在完成时用法详解

表示最近发生的重要的事

I have bad news. I have lost my job. 有坏消息,我丢了工作了。I am sorry I can’t help you. Jim have asked me to wait for him. 抱歉我不能帮你。吉姆让我等他。描述未结束的动作或形势

在这个用法里,必须用延续性动词,比如stay, live, keep等,不能用come, go等。

I have known her for 5 years. 我知道她5年了。——我知道她的这种状态还在持续。I have lived in Guangzhou since 10 years ago. 我在广州住了10年了。——我现在还在广州住。表示现在的结果

They haven’t finished yet. 他们还没结束。I’ve just lost my keys. 我刚丢了钥匙。现在完成时用法详解