complex complicated sophisticated elaborate和elaborate辨析

complex [ˈkɒmpleks]: 侧重内在关系的复杂,需通过仔细研究与了解才能掌握和运用。(含有使人糊涂之意)(例1-3)

complicated [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]与complex的含义接近,但语气更强,着重极其复杂,很难分析、分辨或解释。(但无confusing的内涵)(例4-6)

sophisticated [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd] : “精密的,尖端的”,往往用于指器械的系统的复杂性和先进性;指人时,含有老于世故之意。侧重指事物发展到或达到高级的程度所体现出的复杂。(侧重点在于精密、先进即高精尖)(例7-10)

intricate [ˈɪntrɪkət] : 着重指错综复杂,令人迷惑理解(偏向于情节、设计、系统、艺术等)(例11-14)

elaborate [ɪˈlæbərət] “复杂的,精细的”,强调这种复杂是精密计划的、周密的(例15-21)

例句和短语分析:

1、the complex structure of the human brain

错综复杂的人脑构造

2、a complex argument/problem/subject

复杂难懂的论证 / 问题 / 科目

3、The students work in groups on complex problems.

学生们分组研究复杂的问题。

4、This problem is too complicated for me to solve.

这道数学题太复杂了,我解不出来。

5、The machine is complicated in structure.

这台机器结构复杂。

6、The country has a very complicated voting system.

这个国家的选举制度非常复杂。

7、Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.

蜜蜂之间所用的交流方式是昆虫中最为复杂的方式之一。

8、Mark is a smart and sophisticated young man.

马克是一个聪明老成的年轻人。

9、Recently her tastes have become more sophisticated.

最近她的品位越发优雅时髦起来。

10、In the future we will be using a much more sophisticated computer system.

将来我们会使用一种高级得多的电脑系统。

11、The plot is intricate and full of interest.

故事曲折有致。

12、The details are intricate.

情节曲折。

13、The design is intricate.

这个设计错综复杂。

14、Groundwater system is an intricate and stochastic system.

地下水系统是一个复杂的随机系统。

15、It is an elaborate ceremony, shrouded in mystery.

仪式是精心筹划的,笼罩着一层神秘的色彩。

16、The train was an elaborate affair of sixteen coaches.

这列火车由16节车厢组成,设计复杂精巧。

17、elaborate designs

精心的设计

18、She had prepared a very elaborate meal.

她做了一顿精美的饭菜。

19、an elaborate computer system

精密的计算机系统

20、He is known for his elaborate costumes.

他以着装精致而闻名。

21、In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour

为了防止有人跟踪我,我特地绕了弯路。

complex complicated sophisticated elaborate和elaborate辨析